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Wild Travel Magazine

Biofuels Disaster to Make the Planet Boil

02/04/2008 13:19:31
February 2008. Full page adverts, run by the RSPB in The Times and Guardian have spelled out to the government just how destructive the world’s biofuels’ policies have become.

They warn of the loss of wildlife habitats to produce fuels whose manufacture may be hastening climate change. They urge the government to shelve legislation forcing oil companies to sell more biofuel, until there is proof that this new fuel is truly green.
 

Major Habitat Loss

  • Vast areas of South America are being razed and covered in energy crops to sate the demand for biofuels from Europe and the US.
  • Food shortages are increasing in Africa where the best farmland is being switched from food to grow corn and sugar cane for ethanol and biodiesel.
  • Rainforest is being felled rapidly in Indonesia and Malaysia to clear land for palm and soya, for biofuel as well as food and other products.
  • In Britain and other parts of Europe, wildlife-rich set-aside has been scrapped to free up land for energy and food crops, with no measures in place to replicate its environmental benefits.
  • In South America, 22 million hectares of forest and savannah – two of the world’s unique wildlife habitats - could soon be destroyed and used to grow soya. The Cerrado, which spans Brazil and Paraguay, is the most wildlife-rich savannah in the world, hosting 90,000 insect species, 40,000 fungi, 500 types of bird and 150 different mammals. At current rates, the Cerrado will be gone by 2030 according to Conservation International.
  • The Kenyan government is considering a plan to transform 50,000 acres (20,000 hectares) of the Tana River Delta in Kenya, one of Kenya’s largest and most important freshwater wetlands, into sugar cane plantations for biofuel. The Delta boasts almost 350 bird species, elephants, hippos and lions, and supports numerous communities and their livestock. Details here.
  • In October 2007, the Ugandan government dropped plans to give away one third of the famous Mabira Forest Reserve for sugar cane. The plan to fell 17,500 acres (7,100 hectares) of Mabira would have breached a World Bank deal safeguarding the reserve. Mabira hosts one third of Uganda’s bird life including 75 species found no-where but the Guinea Congo Forest of which Mabira is a remnant.
UK Legislation to Make Things Worse
Yet UK legislation is about to make things worse. And Europe’s energy ministers will this week consider doubling the amount of biofuel sold across the EU.

Under the UK’s Renewable Transport Fuel Obligation (RTFO), biofuels must make up at least 2.5 per cent of transport fuel from April 2008. By 2010, this must rise to 5 per cent costing taxpayers up to £500 million in subsidies.

But strict rules on how and where this biofuel is produced will not be in place for three years. And there will be no proof that biofuels emit fewer greenhouse gases than their fossil fuel equivalents until 2010. The production of some biofuels already emits more.

The RSPB wants the RTFO postponed until these crucial checks are in place.

Graham Wynne, Chief Executive of the RSPB, said: ‘The government is forcing oil companies to sell fuels that could be making climate change worse and making us buy fuel that could be responsible for the loss of wildlife across the world.

‘This legislation should be delayed until it includes greenhouse gas measures that show the emissions savings of every biofuel are at least 60 per cent above their fossil fuel equivalent. That is what the government must do if it is serious about tackling climate change.’

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